THE FAIZKHANOV BROTHERS WORKS ON GRAMMAR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TATAR LINGUISTICS

Abstract

This article is based on the study of ‘Brief Educational Grammar of Tatar Language’ (1862) by Khusain Faizkhanov and ‘Brief Academic Morphology of Tatar Language’ (1887) by Gabdulgallam Faizkhanov. The author seeks to evaluate the linguistic works and determine their role in the development of Tatar grammatical science. The subjects of the study are both the sources themselves and the historical background (when this fi eld of knowledge was formed), as well as the use of biographical elements of Tatar progressive thought and scientifi c linguistics’ leaders in the period of its formation and initial advancing. In the middle of 19th century there was an emerging trend of Russian society and science modernization. This period is marked by important events that played a signifi cant part in the history of Tatar people, it had a huge impact on evolvement of Tatar national culture, and expending of Tatar studies in general. This research permits to come to a conclusion that the grammars by the brothers Faizkhanov was written under the infl uence of Russian and Arabic grammars, and it, in the same time, adequately describes the grammatical originality of Tatar language. The principles on the correspondence of Tatar grammar system with the natural structure of the language put forward by the authors now still have the scientifi c and pedagogical value. The grammar by Gabdulgallam Faizkhanov is the fi rst theorized grammar compiled for Tatars in their native language. The defi nitions of linguistic sections, given in the grammar, accurately deliver the research subject and essentially are identical to the modern ones. The works written by brothers Faizkhanov maintain its worth to the present day.