Abstract
Apprenticeship has been the method of training the youth in acquiring employable skills in most developing countries. It provides an avenue for school dropouts to acquire skills leading to employment for sustainable livelihood. Apprenticeship plays a significant role in providing a skilled workforce and produces entrepreneurs, however, it is confronted with many challenges. This study, therefore, assessed the factors contributing to the challenges with an apprenticeship in Ghana, specifically from the trainees’ perspective. A descriptive survey was employed with a stratified random sampling technique used to select 1200 participants for data collection using a questionnaire. The study identified ten key or extremely challenging factors such as; the quality of the training is controlled by masters, masters provide training schedule, the training involves only practical activities, the training includes entrepreneurial skills, the training includes customer care, the training involves the use of modern technology, the training included financial management skills, there are policies governing the duration of the training, equipment and tools used are modern, and policies governing the duration training. Six components were found to be the factors contributing to the challenges, including; training structure-related factors, contemporary technological-related factors, aid-related factors, recognition-related factors, funding-related factors and perception-related factors; and these factors correlate positively and significantly. It is recommended that the government of Ghana should help in providing training structure and resources to promote skills training for the youth to acquire sustainable employment. Keywords: Apprenticeship, Apprentice, Challenges with apprenticeship, Entrepreneurs, Training DOI: 10.7176/JEP/12-30-02 Publication date: October 31 st 2021
Highlights
The impact of apprenticeship in the globe largely remains imperative and cannot be underestimated
The ten extremely challenging factors were the quality of the training is controlled by my master, masters provide their own training schedule, the training involves only practical activities, the training includes entrepreneurial skills, the training includes learning customer care, the training involves the use of modern technology, the training included financial management and planning skills, there are policies governing the duration of my training, the equipment and tools used in the training are modern, and policies governing the duration of my training
The factors included; there are policies governing the structure of my training, there are policies governing the management of my training, there are policies governing the duration of my training, there is a clear plan structure of the training, the training included financial management and planning skills, the training includes entrepreneurial skills, the training includes learning costumer care, and there are policies governing the certification of my training
Summary
The impact of apprenticeship in the globe largely remains imperative and cannot be underestimated. Apprenticeship doubles as the backbone buttressing the formal workforce sector and providing employment opportunities especially for the youth (Baidoo, Tachie-Menson, Arthur and Asante 2020: Anokye and Afrane, 2014). Ghana boasts of a very good apprenticeship enterprise that enables young people to acquire skills that are geared towards self-employment (USAID, 2021). Ezenwakwelu, Egbosionu and Okwo (2019) echoed that apprenticeships act as a channel for providing the youth with technical and professional skills and more importantly, training them for self-employment. Apprenticeship has stood the test of time even long before the introduction of formal education in Ghana (Aidoo, 2018). It is still the most important training path that leads to self-employment especially among the youth in Ghana. Ghana has identified itself in apprenticeship, mainly in trade areas such as dressmaking/tailoring, hairdressing, bakery/cookery, masonry, carpentry, electrical wiring/electronics, auto mechanics, welding, spraying, decoration, painting, vehicle driving
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