Abstract
To accelerate serious skin burn wound healing in a convenient manner, an interpenetrating network of hydrogel consisting of gellan gum and polyacrylamide was synthesized by chemical crosslinking and Mg2+ ion immersion techniques. The prepared Mg2+@PAM/GG hydrogel was characterized by morphology, water vapor loss, swelling ratio, rheological properties, tensile mechanical, biocompatibility, and flow cytometry study. The results show that Mg2+@PAM/GG hydrogel’s mechanical strength could be enhanced by the dual network structure and physical crosslinking agent Mg2+ ions. In addition, the tension strength of Mg2+@PAM/GG hydrogel is obviously increased from 86 to 392 kPa, the elongation at break increased from 84 to 231%, and crosslinking density N increased from 4.3 to 7.2 mol/m3 compared with pure GG hydrogel. The cumulative release curve of Mg2+ ions shows that the multiple release mechanism of Mg2+ ions belong to non-Fick’s diffusion. Meanwhile, in vitro experiments show that Mg2+@PAM/GG double network hydrogel has favorable proliferation and an NF-κB pathway inhibition property for fibroblast cells. Finally, the healing effect of the Mg2+@PAM/GG was evaluated in a rat full-thickness burn model. The animal study demonstrates that Mg2+@PAM/GG could accelerate the healing efficiency in case of the sustained-released Mg2+ ions in wound beds. Considering this excellent performance, this convenient prepared hydrogel has great potential as a commercial application for skin full-thickness burn healing materials.
Highlights
Burn wounds are serious devastating traumas with significant cost for both individuals and the health care system
Gellan gum (GG) and PAM hydrogel both served as a promising dressing biomaterial that have been widely considered in wound repair due to their biodegradability, chemical modification, nontoxicity, high water absorption, and good mechanical property
A GG molecular chain was physically crosslinked by Mg2+ ions, and the acrylamide molecular chain was chemically crosslinked by N,N′-methylenediacrylamide to form a Mg2+@GG/PAM INP hydrogel
Summary
Burn wounds are serious devastating traumas with significant cost for both individuals and the health care system. As displayed in Scheme 1, Mg2+@GG/PAM hydrogel can effectively accelerate burn wound repair by promotion of fibroblast cell proliferation and antiinflammation by releasing Mg2+ ions. The interpenetrating network hydrogel of GG and PAM was synthesized by mixing the following homogeneous ingredients: The synthesis of Mg2+@GG/PAM hydrogel was prepared by mixing the following ingredients in deionized water: 1.5 wt% GG, 1.5 mol/L acrylamide monomer, 0.015 mol/L MBAm, 5 mmol/L APS In this solution system, MBAm served as a crosslinker, and SCHEME 1 | Schematic illustration of synthesis procedure for Mg2+@GG/PAM hydrogel and the repair mechanism of Mg2+ ions from Mg2+@GG/PAM hydrogel in the burn wound. Statistical analysis was conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with GraphPad Prism v8 software. p value was regarded as significant with *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01
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