Abstract
ABSTRACT Using a novel method for testing the effect of gaze direction on flight initiation distances of European Herring Gulls Larus argentatus, we found that distances were significantly shorter for an averted gaze treatment than for a direct gaze. There was no difference between adult and immature gulls in their response, suggesting that from an early age Herring Gulls consider the orientation of a human’s eye in their anti-predator responses.
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