Abstract
The present study was carried out to obtain somatic embryo-derived shoot cultures of Panax quinquefolium (American ginseng) and to examine the ginsenoside and total phenolic content (TPC) of these cultures. HPLC analysis revealed that the levels of six ginsenosides measured in shoot cultures totaled 9.76 mg g−1 DW. TPC content was investigated using the Folin–Ciocalteu method and interpreted as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). The extracts from shoot cultures contained twice the level of TPC (12.75 mg GAE g−1 of extract) found in aerial parts of field-cultivated P. quinquefolium (6.36 mg GAE g−1 of extract). Antioxidant activity obtained from various plant materials (embryogenic callus, in vitro-grown shoots and aerial parts of field plants) was evaluated using two in vitro assays: ABTS (scavenging of free radicals) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The methanolic extracts from somatic embryo-derived shoots demonstrated 43% more antioxidant activity than did the extracts from the aerial parts of P. quinquefolium plants from field cultivation.
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