Abstract
BackgroundHIV infection and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has been associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). The prevalence of MS varies substantially between populations and is not yet well-known in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including Ethiopia. The current study aims to estimate and evaluate the magnitude of MS among ART exposed and ART naïve HIV-infected patients.MethodsA comparative cross-sectional design was employed among the randomly chosen PLHIVs from two hospitals and two health centers, found in the Gedeo zone, southern-Ethiopia. Data collection was run beginning from December 29th, 2017 up to January 22nd − 2019, using the WHO steep tool; eventually, the completed data entered into Epidata (V-3.1) and exported to SPSS (V− 22) for analysis. The revised international diabetes federation criterion was used to define MS and its components. The mean, standard deviations and proportions were used as a descriptive summary. Categorical data and the proportion of MS in the two groups were compared using binary logistic regression, and results were reported statistically significant with p-value is less than 5%.ResultsA total of 633 (n = 422 on ART and n = 211 ART-naive) PLHIVS was involved, with an overall response rate of 96.2%. The cumulative proportion of MS was 42.5%(95% CI: 39.2–45.7), with 43.4%(95% CI: 39.1–47.4) among ART exposed and 40.8% (95% CI: 35.5–46.0) among ART naïve patients (P > 0.005). However, the difference was not statistically significant and signified that ART has no association with an increased proportion of MS.ConclusionOverall this study demonstrated the presence of an elevated degree of overall MS among PLHIVs. Besides, although the difference was not statistically significant, a relatively higher proportion of MS was realized in the ART exposed than ART naïve groups. Implicated that at the time of the entire test and treatment approaches employed in this target group, routine screening of MS incorporated through HIV care and management system will be a vibrant action.
Highlights
HIV infection and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has been associated with metabolic syndrome (MS)
While global efforts are integrated into the combat against HIV, the prevalence of people living with HIV (PLHIVs) constantly increases due to the rollout of antiretroviral therapy (ART) [1]
Overall, this study demonstrated the presence of an elevated degree of MS among PLHIVs
Summary
HIV infection and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has been associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). While global efforts are integrated into the combat against HIV, the prevalence of people living with HIV (PLHIVs) constantly increases due to the rollout of antiretroviral therapy (ART) [1]. As of the end of June 2019, 24.5 million people living with HIV (PLHIVs) were accessing the treatment [2]. This access was complemented with a 51% reduction in HIV mortality, from 195 million in 2006 to 095 million in 2017 [3], improved quality of life and survived longer [4, 5]. There have been diverse standardized definitions used to diagnose MS [10], each with criteria that influence its diagnosis and complexity [6, 8, 11,12,13,14]
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