Abstract
The development of accruals models in earnings managements allowed several studies in this area. However, reviews regarding these approaches revealed their weakness related to the control of the sample diversity. In this context, the primary purpose of this study was to analyze how the inclusion of control variables proposed in the literature could improve the robustness of the modified Jones model in the Brazilian stock markets. To identify the most prominent control variables, we reviewed 84 manuscripts, which indicated us the six common control variables employed in accruals models with this purpose: ROA (Return on Assets), Book to Market (BTM), Industry, Financial Leverage, Size, and Timeliness. From this review, we tested the controls in a panel-data with a sample of 8,600 firm-observations collected from the Brazilian public companies on a quarterly frequency between 1999 and 2009. We selected the Brazilian capital market due to its concentration on a few public companies that composed this market. It is important to mention that we did not include years after 2009 due to the Brazilian IFRS adoption. Our results indicate that ROA, BTM, Market Segment and Timeliness were statistically significant, showing an increase in the finds robustness. Other variables did not present significance.
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