Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common and lethal form of cancer worldwide. However, its diagnosis and treatment are still dissatisfactory, due to limitations in the understanding of its pathogenic mechanism. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and identify novel therapeutic targets for HCC. Circadian rhythm-related genes control a variety of biological processes. These genes play pivotal roles in the initiation and progression of HCC and are potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. This review gives an update on the research progress of circadian rhythms, their effects on the initiation, progression, and prognosis of HCC, in a bid to provide new insights for the research and treatment of HCC.
Highlights
Liver cancer, one of the commonest malignancies, accounts for 4.7 percent of new cancer cases (841,080 new cases) and 8.2 percent of cancer deaths (782,000 deaths) in 2018 globally [1]
Mammalian circadian rhythms arise from the master clock situated in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which drives the peripheral clock and synchronizes with environmental signal through circadian input path [7, 8]
It was found that a functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PER3 gene was significantly related to the overall survival rate of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE)
Summary
One of the commonest malignancies, accounts for 4.7 percent of new cancer cases (841,080 new cases) and 8.2 percent of cancer deaths (782,000 deaths) in 2018 globally [1]. Surgery and chemotherapy are the conventional forms of HCC treatment. Surgical resection by either open or laparoscopic surgery is the first choice for most HCC patients. Most HCC patients still need to undergo chemotherapy [2]. Over 70% of diagnosed HCC cases are already at the late stage, which is not amenable to curative treatment. In the late stages, chemotherapy is the only choice for HCC patients. Circadian rhythms have been extensively investigated in different species [3,4,5]. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity in the control of circadian rhythms. The present paper reviewed the recent understanding on the role of circadian rhythms in HCC, in order to provide new insights in the research and treatment of HCC
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