The exposure of lead nitrate on germination and vigor processes of Helianthus (sunflower) and Lathyrus (pea) seeds

Abstract

It is hereby studied the exposure of lead ions on germination and growth viability of helianthus and lathyrus seeds in laboratory conditions. Certain tendencies have been revealed showing the impact of different doses of the lead ions on germination of helianthus and lathyrus as well as on the length of the root and sprout in germinating the seed. Furthermore, a particular decrease (P<0.99) in the helianthus seed germination was observed under the lead exposure at the concentration of 5×10–3 mol/L. Whereas, at the lead ions concentration in their amount from 5×10–6 mol/L to 5×10–4 mol/L, no considerable influence on helianthus and lathyrus seed germination was noticed. However, the helianthus and lathyrus root length has been exposed by the lead ions more significantly. It was noticed that the helianthus root had significantly decreased in length at the lead ions concentration of 5×10–3 mol/L, 5×10–4 mol/L, 5×10–5 mol/L and 5×10–6 mol/L (P<0.999, P<0.999, P<0.99 and P<0.999, respectively). The difference in terms of the lathyrus root length at 5×10–3 mol/L, 5×10–4 mol/L, 5×10–5 mol/L and 5×10–6 mol/L concentration of lead ions was found significant (P<0.955, P<0.99, P<0.95 and P<0.99, respectively). The study results with regard to the exposure of different doses of the lead nitrate on the average length of the helianthus sprout showed an significant difference rate (P<0.999) in these values at the lead ions concentration in the solution of 5×10–3 mol/L, 5×10–5 mol/L and 5×10–6 mol/L. There was no significant difference between the lathyrus sprout length under the lead ions exposure between 5×10–6 mol/L and 5×10–3 mol/L. Thus, as far as the research results are concerned, there has been highlighted a significant lead nitrate exposure on economically useful indicators of the helianthus and lathyrus growing. A clear tendency of the lead nitrate impact on the helianthus and lathyrus seed germination and on their root and sprout length was revealed.