Abstract
We describe the experimental set-up of the Radioactive Ion Beam (RIB) in-flight facility EXOTIC consisting of: (a) two position-sensitive Parallel Plate Avalanche Counters (PPACs), dedicated to the event-by-event tracking of the produced RIBs and to time of flight measurements and (b) the new high-granularity compact telescope array EXPADES (EXotic PArticle DEtection System), designed for nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics experiments employing low-energy light RIBs. EXPADES consists of eight ΔE–Eres telescopes arranged in a cylindrical configuration around the target. Each telescope is made up of two Double Sided Silicon Strip Detectors (DSSSDs) with a thickness of 40/60μm and 300μm for the ΔE and Eres layer, respectively. Additionally, eight ionization chambers were constructed to be used as an alternative ΔE stage or, in conjunction with the entire DSSSD array, to build up more complex triple telescopes. New low-noise multi-channel charge-sensitive preamplifiers and spectroscopy amplifiers, associated with constant fraction discriminators, peak-and-hold and Time to Amplitude Converter circuits were developed for the electronic readout of the ΔE stage. Application Specific Integrated Circuit-based electronics was employed for the treatment of the Eres signals. An 8-channel, 12-bit multi-sampling 50MHz Analog to Digital Converter, a Trigger Supervisor Board for handling the trigger signals of the whole experimental set-up and an ad hoc data acquisition system were also developed. The performance of the PPACs, EXPADES and of the associated electronics was obtained offline with standard α calibration sources and in-beam by measuring the scattering process for the systems 17O+58Ni and 17O+208Pb at incident energies around their respective Coulomb barriers and, successively, during the first experimental runs with the RIBs of the EXOTIC facility.
Highlights
The growing availability of Radioactive Ion Beams (RIBs) worldwide has 3 opened up new scenarios and challenges in nuclear physics
To obtain 1057 ηxy in the running conditions at the EXOTIC facility, we placed a silicon detec1058 tor downstream the Parallel Plate Avalanche Counters (PPACs) at the reaction target position and we triggered the 1059 Data Acquisition System (DAQ) with the silicon energy signal. ηxy is given by the ratio: ηxy=Nxy/Nsilicon, 1060 with Nsilicon the events acquired in the silicon detector energy spectrum and 1061 Nxy the events acquired in the PPAC TOF spectrum (START signal provided 1062 by the PPAC cathode signal, STOP signal coming from the silicon detector) 1063 and simultaneously in the 2D x-y correlation plot
We presented in this work the experimental set-up of the RIB in-flight facil1297 ity EXOTIC: a) two PPACs employed for the event-by-event tracking of the 1298 produced RIB and for TOF measurements and b) EXPADES, a new compact 1299 high-granularity telescope array, especially tailored for experiments involving 1300 light RIBs
Summary
The growing availability of Radioactive Ion Beams (RIBs) worldwide has 3 opened up new scenarios and challenges in nuclear physics. In the present paper we describe the experimental set-up designed primarily to fully exploit the low-energy light RIBs delivered by the in-flight facility EXOTIC and consisting of: (a) the RIB tracking system and (b) EXPADES [25; 26], a new charged-particle telescope array. A FWHM time resolution of ∼1-1.5 ns is sufficient for discriminating protons, α particles and heavy-ions for flight paths larger than 10 cm and for the event-by event rejection of contaminant beams It has to be noticed here, that for nuclear reactions induced by in-flight produced RIBs, the overall experimental energy resolution is often limited by the energetic spread of the RIB and by the energy loss and energy straggling of the ions in the target that should be thick enough to compensate the low intensity of the beam;.
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