The experimental evaluation of a static crossed-field photomultiplier

Abstract

A static crossed-field photomultiplier can be designed to have a useful frequency response extending from baseband up through the microwave range. This paper describes the design and experimental evaluation of a high-gain crossed-field photomultiplier with a frequency response extending to 6 GHz. Permanent magnet focusing and a compact mechanical design have resulted in a small, relatively lightweight package which can be used outside of the laboratory. The experimental evaluation includes frequency response measurements throughout the microwave range using cw modulation techniques, pulse response measurements using phase-locked laser techniques, dark current measurements, and dynamic range measurements. Since the electron trajectories as well as the gain of the device are affected by the voltage distribution within the tube, the problem of voltage divider regulation is also discussed.