Abstract
We present an interaction-free measurement with quantum Zeno effect and a high efficiency η = 74.6% ± 0.15%. As a proof-of-principle demonstration, this measurement can be used to implement a quantum counterfactual-like communication protocol. Instead of a single photon state, we use a coherent light as the input source and show that the output agrees with the proposed quantum counterfactual communication protocol according to Salih et al. Although the counterfactuality is not achieved due to the presence of a few photons in the public channel, we show that the signal light is nearly absent in the public channel, which exhibits a proof-of-principle quantum counterfactual-like property of communication.
Highlights
It is well known that the measurement of a quantum system inevitably destroys the quantum state unless the system is in an eigenstate of the physical observable being measured
We perform an experiment on high-efficiency IFM using an interlinked structure of Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), by this we demonstrate a proof-of-principle experiment for quantum counterfactual-like communication with coherent light
The quantum counterfactual property is not reached due to the presence of a few portion of light in the public channel, the scheme supplies the technology for phase stabilization of MZIs for single photon operation
Summary
Interaction-free measurement with two outputs for quantum counterfactual-like communication. We note that when light enters the small MZIs for logic 1, it exits from the output port of D3 or D′3 which is 0.7% and 1.7% respectively as shown in Fig. 8 (note D3 and D′3 are in the hands of Alice), which is not detected by the detectors D1 and D2 (in the hands of Alice) This process corresponds to interaction-free measurement, which is clearly seen from Eq (5) and evident from Figs 2 and 3. Pdet represents the detection of light probability at D2, and Pdet = P(D2) = 65% is obtained from the experimental data in Fig. 3a for the maximum value, while Pabs is the probability of light absorbed or lossed by all the mirrors above the black dashed line, it is read from the detectors D3, D′3 in Fig. 8 according to the calculation of Pabs = ∑l7=0 [(P(D3) + P(D3′ ))/rn2l] = 22% Note that, in this case, P(D1) = 5% (see Fig. 3b), the total loss of the system induced by the mirrors and other elements is the 8%.
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