The Experience and Influence of Infertility: Considerations for Couple Counselors

Abstract

Infertility, or the inability to conceive or carry a pregnancy to live birth after a year or more of regular sexual relations, affects one in six couples of childbearing age. There is substantial empirical evidence that infertility is related to depression, anxiety, sexual dysfunction, and identity difficulties in both men and women. Given the prevalence of infertility and increases in the number of individuals and couples who seek infertility counseling, it has become imperative that couple counselors understand the distinct and robust set of challenges faced by this population. This article provides a broad background on the state of infertility and elucidates some of the physical, social, and emotional responses to this experience. Gender issues, social norms, and cultural traditions are discussed when examining male and female emotional responses to infertility. In addition, this article presents a framework for appropriate assessment and diagnostic considerations related to the infertility experience.