The expected frequency and amount of free peritoneal fluid estimated using the abdominal FAST-applied abdominal fluid scores in healthy adult and juvenile dogs.

Abstract

To estimate the frequency and amount of free peritoneal fluid in juvenile and adult dogs using the abdominal focused assessment with sonography for trauma (AFAST) abdominal fluid scoring system. Prospective case series. Healthy, privately owned juvenile and adult dogs. Dogs undergoing routine surgical sterilization were evaluated at induction with AFAST and assigned measurements and fluid scores. A surgeon scored the degree of peritoneal fluid found during ovariohysterectomy. Ninety-two dogs were enrolled (46 juveniles and 46 adults). Ninety-three percent and 52% were AFAST positive for peritoneal fluid, respectively. The AFAST-positive view frequency for right lateral recumbency in juveniles was diaphragmatico-hepatic (DH) 100%, spleno-renal (SR) 20%, cysto-colic (CC) 40%, and hepato-renal (HR) 20% versus adults, DH 60%, SR 20%, CC 0%, and HR 0%, respectively. The AFAST-positive view frequency for left lateral recumbency was DH 93%, SR 44%, CC 24%, and HR 12% in juveniles, and DH 50%, SR 3%, CC 3%, and HR 10% in adults. Overall abdominal fluid scores (AFS) in juvenilles were 0 (n=3), 1 (n=14), 2 (n=22), 3 (n=6), and 4 (n=1); and in adults, scores were 0 (n=22), 1 (n=18), 2 (n=6), and 3 and 4 (n=0). The AFS differed between adults and juveniles (P<0.001). Most dogs had maximum fluid dimensions≤3×3mm and width of fluid stripes≤3mm. The AFS was positively correlated to fluid amount observed during ovariohysterectomy with fair agreement (kappa=0.233, P=0.012). This study establishes the frequency and amount of free peritoneal fluid in healthy juvenile and adult dogs during AFAST. Maximum fluid pocket dimensions of≤3×3mm and fluid stripe widths of≤3mm in dogs with AFS 1 and 2 may be normal. The DH view was most frequently positive.