Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). CD can occur in any part of the gastrointestinal tract, whereas UC mainly occurs in the colon and rectum. We previously demonstrated that a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by a plant-derived bacterium, Lactobacillus paracasei IJH-SONE68, prevents and improves the inflammation in contact dermatitis model mice via oral administration. To evaluate the preventive effect of the EPS against other inflammatory diseases, in the present study, we employed dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC model mice. The stool consistency, hematochezia, and colonic atrophy of the mice were improved by the orally administered EPS. We also evaluated the cytokine transcription. Overexpression of the mouse macrophage inflammatory protein 2 mRNA in the colon as a functional homolog of human interleukin-8 was decreased by the orally administered EPS. However, the expression of interleukin-10, which is known as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was stimulated in the EPS-administrated group. Based on these results, we conclude that the IJH-SONE68-derived EPS is a promising lead material for the development of drugs useful in treating inflammatory diseases such as UC.
Highlights
The number of individuals worldwide who suffer from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing
IBD is defined as an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract caused by a dysfunction of the innate immune system [3]
Among EPS-producing Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, we found that the Lactobacillus (Lb.) paracasei IJH-SONE68–derived EPS prevents and improves inflammation in picryl chloride-induced contact dermatitis via oral administration in model mice [15]
Summary
The number of individuals worldwide who suffer from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing. IBD was most prevalent in North Americans and Europeans. The recent shift in dietary and lifestyle patterns in newly industrialized countries, such as those in Asia, Africa, South America, and Eastern Europe, has caused a significant rise in the incidence of IBD [1]. IBD patients may present with symptoms such as chronic diarrhea, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, and weight loss. IBD is defined as an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract caused by a dysfunction of the innate immune system [3]. The two major subtypes of IBD are Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), both having complex pathological spectra [3,4,5].
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