Abstract
Enthomophatogenic fungus is biological control. This research aimed to identify fungi on semi-organic and inorganic rice plants rhizosphere and proved as entomophatogenic fungi. This research was conducted in Biological control, Plant Pests and Diseases Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar. Isolation of fungi with a modified insect bait method then tested in larvae, calculated mortality of larvae, Tenebrio molitor were infected by fungi were re-isolated and cultured in PDA media. The result showed that the average of T. molitor larvae mortality infected by enthomopathogenic fungi on semi-organic rhizosphere was around 24% and 8% on inorganic rhizosphere. The percentage mortality of larvae on semi-organic rhizosphere were infected by Fusarium sp. was around 20-60 %, Aspergillus sp. 60%-80% and Trichoderma sp. 80%, while in inorganic rhizosphere up to 100% were infected by Aspergillus spp.
Highlights
All microorganisms are present in rhizosphere, affect the growth of the plant, nutrient supply for plants, as biological control for pests
The research method isolation of fungi was conducted in Takalar Regency, semi-organic and inorganic rice plants rhizosphere and continued in Biological Laboratory, Plant Pests and Diseases Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar
The percentage of larvae mortality on semi-organic rhizosphere were infected by Fusarium sp., range the percentage was around 20-60 %, Aspergillus sp. 60%-80% and Trichoderma sp. 80%, while in inorganic rhizosphere up to 100% were infected by Aspergillus spp
Summary
All microorganisms are present in rhizosphere, affect the growth of the plant, nutrient supply for plants, as biological control for pests. The existence of microorganisms in the soil especially for this time has decreased This is due to environmental pollution caused by agricultural activity continues that rely on chemical fertilizers (inorganic) and synthetic pesticides. Several studies of soil fungi were isolated from rhizosphere and potentially as biological control Trizelia et al, (2011) showed that, isolates Metarhizium spp. which. Showed that there were 3 genera of entomopathogenic fungi in various vegetable crops rhizosphere, Metharizium, Beauveria and Aspergillus with the highest diversity of entomopathogenic fungi were found in the tomato plant rhizosphere. Aspergillus, Metarhizium, Beauveria, Paecilomyces, Fusarium and Penicillium effective as controlling C.cramerella insects. No previous study has investigated the existence diversity of entomopathogenic fungi in semi organic and inorganic rice rhizosphere in South Sulawesi, this study was conducted for determining control strategy in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) system
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