Abstract
A derivation of Cosmological Age explicitly constrained by Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) is presented, demonstrating that the correct value of Cosmological Age is equal to the Hubble Age. It is shown that utilizing “z = 0” for Cosmological Redshift in the Present Epoch introduces a fundamental flaw into Cosmological Age calculations. However, this flaw is captured and corrected by the Polarizable-Vacuum (PV) Model of Gravity developed by Puthoff, suggesting that the Dark Energy Field exists as a massive photonic field. Consequently, it is demonstrated that for a Dark Energy Driven description of Accelerated Cosmological Expansion, Cosmological Redshift takes a negative value in the Present Epoch.
Highlights
DilemmaE Standard Model of Cosmology (SMoC) utilizes Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) data to determine the age of the Universe, defined by [1] as 13.797 (Gyr) ± 23 (Myr)
E following are the key points: (i) e Standard Model of Cosmology (SMoC) determination of Cosmological Age [1] does not concur with Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) Temperature observations (i.e., t0 is in conflict with T0)
(iii) SMoC Dark Energy Density values are consistent with CMBR Temperature observations, validating (9)
Summary
E Standard Model of Cosmology (SMoC) utilizes Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) data to determine the age of the Universe, defined by [1] as 13.797 (Gyr) ± 23 (Myr). Cognizant of the exponential rate of technological growth, one may well expect that the tolerance commonality between these two experimental sources might instantly vanish For such an event to occur, the SMoC may require significant revision. If the Cosmological Redshift for the Present Epoch is assigned the value “z 0,” (1) simplifies to. 2 · ln1+ Ω Λ 13.797Gyr. It is important to note that “z = 0” for the Present Epoch is an assigned value, not an assumed value. E PV Model of Gravity is an optical derivative, utilizing a Refractive Index value “KPV’.”. Note: equation (5) represents the Metric Coefficient of the Schwarzschild Solution of Einstein’s equations of GR
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