The Exchangeable Apolipoprotein Nplp2 Sustains Lipid Flow and Heat Acclimation in Drosophila

Samuel Rommelaere,Jean-Philippe Boquete,Jérémie Piton,Shu Kondo,Bruno Lemaitre

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.074

Samuel Rommelaere, Jean-Philippe Boquete + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.074

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Abstract

In ectotherms, increased ambient temperature requires the organism to consume substantial amounts of energy to sustain a higher metabolic rate, prevent cellular damage, and respond to heat stress. Here, we identify a heat-inducible apolipoprotein required for thermal acclimation in Drosophila. Neuropeptide-like precursor 2 (Nplp2) is an abundant hemolymphatic protein thought to be a neuropeptide. In contrast, we show that Nplp2 contributes to lipid transport, functioning as an exchangeable apolipoprotein. More precisely, Nplp2-deficient flies accumulate lipids in their gut, have reduced fat stores, and display a dyslipoproteinemia, showing that Nplp2 is required for dietary lipid assimilation. Importantly, Nplp2 is induced upon thermal stress and contributes to survival upon heat stress. We propose that Nplp2 associates with lipoprotein particles under homeostatic and high energy-demand conditions to optimize fat transport and storage. Our study also shows that modulation of the lipid uptake and transport machinery is part of an integrated cytoprotective response.

Highlights

The last half century has been characterized by a global warming of the climate system, a phenomenon very likely to be a consequence of human industrial activity (IPCC, 2014)
We found that Neuropeptide-like precursor 2 (Nplp2) is required to resist heat stress, which suggests an unexpected role for lipoproteins in heat acclimation
Nplp2 Is an Abundant Hemolymphatic Protein Recent publications have described the proteome of the hemolymph under homeostatic conditions (Handke et al, 2013; Hartley et al, 2016; Zeng et al, 2015)

Summary

Introduction

The last half century has been characterized by a global warming of the climate system, a phenomenon very likely to be a consequence of human industrial activity (IPCC, 2014). These changes are expected to have profound impacts on the biosphere. Numerous insect species are threatened by global warming (Martinet et al, 2015; Klok and Chown, 1997; Nyamukondiwa et al, 2013). Understanding insect acclimation to warmer environments is critical for predicting and managing the consequences of global warming

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