The exchange effect interference mechanisms in quantum mechanics

Abstract

In quantum mechanics, there are two interference mechanisms between identical particles. One is that the de Broglie wavelengths of two interference waves are the same, which is called the equal wavelength interference mechanism. There have been many experiments by this mechanism. The other is that the wavelengths of interference waves can also be different, in which case there should be an exchange term in addition to the direct term in the wave function. There is a fixed phase difference between the two terms, which causes interference. This is called exchange effect interference mechanism. There is a special case where two interference waves can satisfy both the two mechanisms. We propose an experiment to discriminate that in this case which mechanism plays a role on earth. By the exchange effect interference mechanism, it is possible to construct artificial crystals and to study the physical properties of this kind of crystals.