The excess specific conductivity and energy of activation for Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and chitosan (CH) aqueous solutions complex

Abstract

ABSTRACT Polysaccharides are common ingredients in medical, technological, and industrial products. In many formulations, the oppositely charged polysaccharides (two major biopolymers) are used simultaneously. Understanding their interactions can help control the physical properties and stability of formulating. The excess specific conductivity, (σ E)sp and excess specific energy of activation (ΔEσ)E)sp of electrical conductivity have been investigated by using electrical conductivities measurements for solution of Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) + solution of chitosan (CH) mixtures over the entire range of volumes fractions X1 of CMC for three different temperatures. This system exhibited a very large negative value of (σ E)sp and very large negative values (ΔEσ)E)sp due to increased hydrogen bonding interactions and correlation length between unlike molecules in the two critical regions, and very large differences between the pure components. The Redlich-Kister function f1 and f2 of the excess of specific conductivities and excess specific energy, respectively, have been also calculated, and show that the two critical regions have an important effect on the electrical conductivity properties. In this study, f1 c ϕ 1 , f 1 c ϕ 2, f1ϕ 1,f1ϕ 2 , Xϕ1, Xϕ1, XC ϕ1, and XC ϕ2 were identified