The examination of the relationship between land cover and land surface temperature in Karang Baru Sub-District, Aceh Province, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract Land cover change can lead to variations in land surface temperature, primarily because different materials have varying capacities to receive, absorb, and re-emit solar radiation. Karang Baru, situated as the capital of Aceh Tamiang Regency near North Sumatra, one of the most densely populated Regency, has been experiencing continuous development since 2002, following its separation from East Aceh Regency. The development in Karang Baru has resulted in a noticeable influence on land surface temperature. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between land cover and land surface temperature in Karang Baru from 2002 to 2022. This research classified land cover using the supervised classification method employing the Maximum Likelihood Algorithm, and land surface temperature was estimated using the Split Window Algorithm method. Subsequently, simple regression analysis in this context indicates a quantitative approach to understanding the relationship between land cover and land surface temperature in Karang Baru, providing valuable insights for environmental and urban planning considerations. The findings of this research indicate that the type of land cover indeed influences the land surface temperature in Karang Baru. In summary, this study establishes that land cover can substantially impact the regional surface temperature, with temperature increases associated with surfaces featuring buildings, roads, fields, or similar materials. In contrast, vegetated surfaces tend to exhibit lower land surface temperatures in the area.