Abstract
The exact solution of the equation for steady-state diffusion of a three-component mixture is presented for a closed system of two capillary-connected bulbs. The solution, obtained in the whole range of concentrations, makes it possible to compute the concentration profiles of the components and the distribution of the mixture density over the capillary. It is shown that an extremum of the mixture density may arise inside of the capillary when the components greatly differ in diffusion coefficients. Specifically, when the mixture in the lower bulb is denser than in the upper one and the stratification of the system is stable, an inverse density gradient region may occur in the capillary, this region being unstable against gravitational convection.
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