Abstract
A feature of the studied objects is the formation of waters under conditions of combination in the mineral composition of the tailings of sulfide and carbonate mineralization. The studied drainage waters are mainly fresh (salinity 0.33-1.82 g/L), neutral and alkaline (pH 7.25-8.30). They belong to the bicarbonate, sulfate-bicarbonate, bicarbonate-sulfate and sulfate magnesium-calcium and calcium-magnesium chemical types. Arsenic, zinc, cadmium, lead, antimony and manganese in the microelement composition of drainage waters are predominant. Drainage waters of lead-zinc deposits are characterized by a significant excess of the heavy metals concentrations (As, Zn, Cd, Pb, Sb, Mn, Mo, U, La, Se) over the average composition of leaching zone waters, with a maximum for arsenic – more than 800 and for zinc – 200 times. The waters are saturated with respect to secondary carbonates and arsenates, which indicates the existence of thermodynamic conditions for the removal from the solution of Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Pb, As into the solid mineral phase. The neutralizing effect of host rocks carbonates and ore bodies carbonates causes a neutral reaction of waters and low heavy metal concentration.
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