Abstract
Abstract THE MERCURY BAROMETER was discovered by Torricelli in 1643. The first successful demonstration of the principle of barometric altimetry was carried out in France by Pascal and Perier on September 19th, 1648, near Clermont-Ferrand, Auvergne. Under Pascal's direction, Perier carried out barometric observations at the base and summit of Puy de Dome, and gave birth to the idea of measuring heights with the barometer.8 The experiments led to a study of the manner of variation of density with height, and Pascal conceived the idea that the lower part of the atmosphere was more compressed than the upper. He did not expect that equal changes of height would produce equal pressure changes.
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