The Evolution of a Social Problem: The Case of the Switchblade Knife

Abstract

ABSTRACT We illustrate the evolution of a social problem by describing the history of the switchblade knife and claims used by moral entrepreneurs to change the switchblade’s legal status in American. To investigate this issue, we conduct a historical-event analysis using legal documents, newspapers, magazines, advertisements, books, and testimonials. We argue that the switchblade’s deviant status evolved not from the objective harm it caused, but rather, from sensational claims made by moral entrepreneurs. In our analysis, politicians successfully singled out and redefined the switchblade as a vicious weapon with no legitimate civilian use and created concern for this particular knife by drawing attention to its associations with a dangerous class and criminal behavior. Additionally, we show how politico-moral entrepreneurs utilize sensational claims and sketchy data to create, proliferate, and regulate a new social problem. We conclude by discussing the role of power regarding the ability to define and regulate social problems.