The evaluation of vitamin C and β carotene of Globe Amaranth (Gomphrena globosa), a local germplasm of Bali (Indonesia) from two different altitudes

Abstract

Introduction: Globe amaranth (Gomphrena globosa), known as "Bunga Ratna" in Balinese or "Bunga Kancing" in Indonesian, is a versatile flower species that thrives in a wide range of environmental conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the vitamin C and β carotene content of globe amaranth grown in two areas in Bali (Indonesia), with two different altitudes. Methods: The research was conducted from March to June 2023. This was a split-plot study with a randomized block design. The main plots were two planting areas where samples were obtained, including Sanur and Sibang Gede with altitudes of 7 m asl and 350 m asl, respectively. The subplot in the procedure was the various genotypes, namely purple, pink, and white. Observations were then carried out on vitamin C and β carotene content of the flower, stem, and leaf, with five replications. Results: The results showed that the test plant in Sanur, a coastal region (7m asl), produced higher vitamin C and β carotene levels than those in Sibang Gede (350 m dl). Vitamin C was found in a greater quantity in the flower and leaf, irrespective of the altitudes and genotypes, while higher levels of β carotene were obtained in the leaf. Conclusions: In conclusion, the current research found that globe amaranth leaves and flowers have high potential as a source of vitamin C and β carotene. Research regarding the vitamin content of globe amaranth has never been reported. This is the first report on the vitamin content of globe amaranth.