Abstract
BackgroundPemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Dyslipidemia, increased risk of atherosclerosis and higher cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality have been reported in several autoimmune conditions. It has been hypothesised that there might be an association between dyslipidemia and PV. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the serum lipid profile of patients with PV with healthy controls.MethodsThis case-control study was carried out on 113 patients with PV and 100 healthy controls. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG) levels were measured and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were calculated. Chi-squared test and independent Student t-test (or their alternatives) were used for group comparison.ResultsThe mean age and BMI of patients and controls were 47.7 ± 14.5 and 28 ± 6.2 and, 44.5 ± 18.5 and 25.5 ± 5.1, respectively. Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, non-HDL-C and TG were statistically different between the two groups (P values < 0.001; < 0.001; < 0.001; < 0.001 and 0.021, respectively). However, AIP was not significantly different (P-value = 0.752).ConclusionThe serum lipid profile was significantly higher in PV patients compared to healthy controls. Therefore, PV patients may be more prone to develop atherosclerosis and this finding can be important in the overall management of these patients.
Highlights
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), a sub-type of pemphigus, is a bullous skin disease involving the skin and mucosa. This autoimmune blistering disease is characterised by Immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies targeted against cell adhesion molecules, desmogleins (DSG) -1 and -3 [1–6]
atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a novel metrics in dyslipidemia management, which is a better marker in predicting coronary artery diseases in comparison to single lipid measures such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
58 www.mjms.usm.my for age (P value = 0.093), but groups were different according to gender (P-value = 0.034) and BMI (P-value = 0.001) (Table 1)
Summary
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), a sub-type of pemphigus, is a bullous skin disease involving the skin and mucosa. This autoimmune blistering disease is characterised by Immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies targeted against cell adhesion molecules, desmogleins (DSG) -1 and -3 [1–6]. DSG-1 is expressed throughout the epidermis and is highly concentrated in the superficial layers, whereas DSG-3 is expressed in the parabasal and basal layers In the mucosa, both DSG-1 and DSG-3 are expressed throughout the epidermal layers [5, 7–10]. The global incidence of PV is approximately 0.076– 5/100,000 and women are more prone (1:1.1– 2.25 male to female ratio) [5, 12–13]. In Iran, the incidence of PV and male to female ratio are 5/100,000 and 1:1.6, respectively [14]. The objective of this study was to compare the serum lipid profile of patients with PV with healthy controls
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