Abstract
Introduction: This study was planned to determine the second line drug resistance and molecular epidemiological profiles of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates isolated from different geographical regions of Turkey.
 Material and Method: In our study, 63 MDR M. tuberculosis isolates were evaluated for the drug susceptibility sent from different tuberculosis laboratories of Turkey. Secondary antituberculosis drugs resistance was evaluated by indirect proportion method. Epidemiological origins were evaluated by using IS6110-RFLP and spoligotyping methods. 
 Results: Cycloserine, ethionamide, capreomycin, thiacetozone, ofloxacin, kanamsin and paraaminosalicylic acid resistance rates were 15.87%, 19.04%, 7.93%, 6.34%, 11.11%, 12.69% and 6.34.%, respectively. According to spoligotyping results, 11 different patterns were obtained, including 52 isolates consisting of 5 clusters and 11 patterns consisting of a single isolate. When we compared our results with the spoligotype database in the world; 42 of 52 isolates forming 5 clusters were identified as predefined spoligotypes (LAM7-TUR, LAM9, T clade). 10 isolates showed the characteristics of the U spoligotype family. Of the 11 isolates that produced 11 different patterns, 8 were Haarlem and T spoligotypes. It was found that 2 isolates had the characteristics of Orphan and 1 isolate had the characteristics of BOV family. 
 Conclusion: In our study, LAM7-TUR, LAM9, T clade spoligotype families are common in our country and in the world were determined.
Highlights
This study was planned to determine the second line drug resistance and molecular epidemiological profiles of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates isolated from different geographical regions of Turkey
11 different patterns were obtained, including 52 isolates consisting of 5 clusters and 11 patterns consisting of a single isolate
When we compared our results with the spoligotype database in the world; 42 of 52 isolates forming 5 clusters were identified as predefined spoligotypes (LAM7-TUR, LAM9, T clade). 10 isolates showed the characteristics of the U spoligotype family
Summary
This study was planned to determine the second line drug resistance and molecular epidemiological profiles of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates isolated from different geographical regions of Turkey. Material and Method: In our study, 63 MDR M. tuberculosis isolates were evaluated for the drug susceptibility sent from different tuberculosis laboratories of Turkey. Conclusion: In our study, LAM7-TUR, LAM9, T clade spoligotype families are common in our country and in the world were determined. Development of multiple drug resistance (MDR) to TB drugs is a major problem worldwide. M. tuberculosis (MTB) resistant to INH and RIF It is man-made and is considered to be the heaviest form of resistant TB because resistance to the two most effective drugs of treatment develops [2,3,4]. The MDR-TB problem has been experienced in developing countries where inadequate treatment programs have been implemented for years
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