Abstract
Background: There are several potential advantages in optimizing the initial events of osseointegration in the benefit of clinical outcome. Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the behavior of osteoblastic cells on surfaces treated by double acid etching using HNO3 and H2SO4. Methods: Commercially pure titanium (grade 4) discs measuring 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness were used. The discs were divided into two groups: machined group and double acid-etched discs (HNO3 and H2SO4). Surface characteristics were assessed using Scanning Electron Microscopy. Pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were used for cell culture on the tested surfaces to assess proliferation, viability (MTT), as well as secretion (ELISA) and cytoplasmic expression (Western blot) of type I collagen. Results: The data obtained were analyzed using t-test or two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test at 95% significance. The titanium surfaces showed average roughness values for the machined and treated surfaces of 0.29 and 1.16, respectively (p<0.05). An increase in cell proliferation was observed, which was corroborated by the viability assay. Both type I collagen secretion and intracellular expression were higher on the double acid-etched surface compared to the machine surfaces (p<0.05). Conclusion: Implant surfaces treated by double acid etching positively affected the early events of the interaction between titanium and osteoblastic cells, suggesting optimization of osseintegration.
Highlights
Titanium is commonly used in dental implants because of its well-established biocompatibility [1]
Implant surfaces treated by double acid etching positively affected the early events of the interaction between titanium and osteoblastic cells, suggesting optimization of osseintegration
The discs were divided into two groups: machined group and double acid-etched discs (HNO3 and H2SO4) mimicking the same surface treatment used in commercial implants (Intraoss®, Itaquaquecetuba, SP, Brazil)
Summary
Titanium is commonly used in dental implants because of its well-established biocompatibility [1]. The presence of a titanium implant during bone healing induces signaling for the activation of the immune system via inflammatory mediators and permitting osseointegration [2]. The adaptive capacity of bone to dental implants is under the. The Macro and microgeometry of the implant have been reported to play an important role in the process of bone healing [4]. Previous studies have shown faster osseointegration of dental implants with greater surface area obtained after treatments, characterized by the formation of new bone, which results in improved predictability of immediate or early loading procedures [8 - 10]. There are several potential advantages in optimizing the initial events of osseointegration in the benefit of clinical outcome
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