Abstract
Before World War II Poland was a non-industrial country with widespread urban and rural unemployment, a high rate of illiteracy, and strong and rigid stratification on the basis of material situation and style of life. Since 1939 the Polish people have gone through five years of occupation and war, rapid urbanization and industrialization, and nationalization of production; a new socialist ideology prevails. To assess the impact of these structural and ideological changes on the popular evaluation of occupations, Warsaw inhabitants were asked to rate occupations as to material rewards,job security, pretige, and desirability for their children. The greatest consensus is by sex and age; the least, by education and occupation. Prestige is strongly related to education, skill, and security. In comparison with the prewar situation, the social prestige of white-collar workers, army officers, and private entrepreneurs has decreased; that of skilled workers and nurses has increased. However, at the very to (e.g., doctors, professors, teachers, engineers) and the very bottom (unskilled labor and cleaning women) rankings are stable and similar to those in the West.
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