Abstract
This study aims to explore the factors affecting the national innovation capacity (NIC) of China. NIC is the capability of a nation to manufacture & commercialize the stream of innovation technology over the “long term”. The NIC of a country depicts not only industrial competitiveness of a country via a direct impact on the global market share of high tech products, but also determines its future potential for economic development. National innovation capacity depends upon the strength of national common innovation infrastructure, the industrial cluster innovation environment & therefore the strength of association among these two. Since reform and opening up of China, China innovation capability has made tremendous achievements, but the quality of the main innovation output is yet needed to be improved. The factors affecting the China's national innovation capacity include great human resource advantage of China, science & technology infrastructure and a high capacity to absorb international technology spillovers. But the industry cluster innovation environment, still not provide enough support to knowledge-intensive services.
Highlights
In 1912 an Austrian-American economist (Schumpeter, 1912), introduced the idea of “Innovation” in his book “Theory of Economic Development” for the first time
Chinese innovation output in the upper, middle and lower indicators such as patents, SCI papers, and high-tech products export, these three types of indicators are in the absolute number of rapid expansion, showing an exponential growth trend, which reflects that China's recent reforms have increased Chinese innovation capacity steadily. in relation to China’s internal structure, still there are some deficiencies, like invention patents proportion is much lower than the foreign invention patents, the SCI paper citation average is less than the growth of papers, indication that the overall quality of China’s innovation capacity is not high and the independent innovation capability is not strong
International competitiveness and the role within the global economy depend upon the innovation capacity of a country
Summary
In 1912 an Austrian-American economist (Schumpeter, 1912), introduced the idea of “Innovation” in his book “Theory of Economic Development” for the first time. To investigate the creation of innovation sources of various countries beneath world’s technology frontier, the framework introduced by (Furman et al, 2002) According to this framework, national innovation capability depends on overall technology sophistication of an economy and its labor forces, conjointly replicate the investment policy selections by public and personal sectors that have an effect on the production of the country’s Research & Development companies/enterprises. The common innovation infrastructures that support innovative activity, and overall technological levels has broad impact on country’s economy (A), country’s R&D productivity further dependent upon its human and financial resources (HA), some other resources and polices that impact on the innovation activities (XINF), including intellectual property fortification, education and training investment, Research & Development tax policies and openness to global trade. Aj,t refers to international patenting, (HA) is Research & Development input and the Research & Development efficiency distinction of various countries are measured as (A)
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