Abstract
Differences across sexes in cutaneous melanoma incidence, metastatic pathways and disease outcome are consistently observed, with women having a significant survival advantage compared with men. This suggests that gender could play a role as a prognostic indicator through sex hormone signaling, but the mechanism is still unclear. This article focuses on available literature data concerning the influence of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) expression as a host-related biological protective factor for female patients with melanoma. Furthermore, it highlights the potential role of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) as a prognostic biologic marker in cutaneous melanoma. Keywords: melanoma, sex, hormone receptors, estrogen receptor β
Highlights
Differences across sexes in cutaneous melanoma incidence, metastatic pathways and disease outcome are consistently observed, with women having a significant survival advantage compared with men
This article focuses on available literature data concerning the influence of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) expression as a host-related biological protective factor for female patients with melanoma
In line with the better outcome of women compared to men and with clinical data demonstrating a hormonallydependent melanoma course, we hypothesize that the female advantage is associated with biological characteristics of the host, independently of the other key prognostic factors
Summary
Differences across sexes in cutaneous melanoma incidence, metastatic pathways and disease outcome are consistently observed, with women having a significant survival advantage compared with men. This article focuses on available literature data concerning the influence of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) expression as a host-related biological protective factor for female patients with melanoma. It highlights the potential role of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) as a prognostic biologic marker in cutaneous melanoma.
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