Abstract
Increasing antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative rods is an important diagnostic, clinical and epidemiological problem of modern medicine. Therefore, it is important to detect multi-drug resistant strains as early on as possible. This study aimed to evaluate Eazyplex® SuperBug CRE assay usefulness for beta-lactamase gene detection among Gram-negative rods, directly from urine samples and positive blood cultures. The Eazyplex® SuperBug CRE assay is based on a loop-mediated isothermal amplification of genetic material and allows for the detection of a selection of genes encoding carbapenemases, KPC, NDM, VIM, OXA-48, OXA-181 and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases from the CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-9 groups. A total of 120 clinical specimens were included in the study. The test gave valid results for 58 (96.7%) urine samples and 57 (95.0%) positive blood cultures. ESBL and/or carbapenemase enzymes genes were detected in 56 (93.3%) urine and 55 (91.7%) blood samples, respectively. The Eazyplex® SuperBug CRE assay can be used for a rapid detection of the genes encoding the most important resistance mechanisms to beta-lactams in Gram-negative rods also without the necessity of bacterial culture.
Highlights
Bacteria of Enterobacterales, especially multi-drug resistant isolates, are one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections. Their significance as a global threat can be explained in several ways; an easy acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes and the capability of these strains to survive in the hospital environment and antimicrobial pressure/bacterial evolution as an answer to common application of a broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy
The problem of multi-drug resistance of Gram-negative rods is mostly associated with the horizontal gene transfer and possible synthesis of several beta-lactamases from the same or different groups of enzymes (e.g., ESBLs-extended spectrum beta-lactamases, carbapenemases)
Numerous phenotypic and genotypic methods used in microbiological laboratories allow for the detection of ESBLs and carbapenemase-producing strains
Summary
Bacteria of Enterobacterales, especially multi-drug resistant isolates, are one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections. The problem of multi-drug resistance of Gram-negative rods is mostly associated with the horizontal gene transfer and possible synthesis of several beta-lactamases from the same or different groups of enzymes (e.g., ESBLs-extended spectrum beta-lactamases, carbapenemases). It mainly includes enzymes with a wide range of activity (cephalosporinases or carbapenemases) whose incidences have risen enormously in the last two decades [1,2,3]. An introduction of molecular biology-based methods for routine microbiological diagnostics allows for a simultaneous detection of different antimicrobial resistance genes, within
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