Abstract
Recent years in Europe have generated situations requiring the European Union to take extra-coordinated action in the field of asylum policy. The sudden and growing influx of refugees to Europe in 2015 and 2016 has caused the collapse of the previous common European asylum system. The European Union has taken a number of measures to resolve this crisis situation. When the situation seemed to be under control, a new challenge emerged in early 2020. The first COVID-19 infectious disease case was reported in Europe, and on 13 March 2020 the WHO reported that Europe had become the epicentre of the coronavirus pandemic. The measures taken by individual countries and the European Union to limit the spread of the virus have had a significant impact on many spheres of state and individual functioning, including the situation of persons seeking international protection. This publication consists of three parts. The first part discusses actions taken by the European Union in the face of the migration and refugee crisis that emerged in 2015 and 2016. The second part presents one of the limitations introduced in connection with preventing the spread of COVID-19, which has a huge impact on persons wishing to seek international protection, i.e., changes in the regime of crossing borders and entering the territory of particular countries. The third one points out selected problems experienced by persons seeking protection who already stay in the territory of EU Member States.
Highlights
Recent years in Europe have generated situations requiring the European Union to take extra-coordinated actions in the field of asylum policy
The first COVID-19 infectious disease case was reported in Europe, and on 13 March 2020 the WHO reported that Europe had become the epicentre of the coronavirus pandemic
This publication consists of three parts: the first one discusses actions taken by the European Union in the face of the migration and refugee crisis that emerged in 2015 and 2016; the second part presents one of the limitations introduced in connection with preventing the spread of COVID-19, which has a huge impact on persons wishing to seek international protection, i.e., changes in the regime of crossing borders and entering the territory of particular countries; the third one points out selected problems experienced by persons seeking protection who already stay in the territory of EU Member States
Summary
Recent years in Europe have generated situations requiring the European Union to take extra-coordinated actions in the field of asylum policy. The measures taken by individual countries and the European Union to limit the spread of the virus have had a significant impact on many spheres of state and individual functioning, including the situation of persons seeking international protection. This publication consists of three parts: the first one discusses actions taken by the European Union in the face of the migration and refugee crisis that emerged in 2015 and 2016; the second part presents one of the limitations introduced in connection with preventing the spread of COVID-19, which has a huge impact on persons wishing to seek international protection, i.e., changes in the regime of crossing borders and entering the territory of particular countries; the third one points out selected problems experienced by persons seeking protection who already stay in the territory of EU Member States. The aims of the publication are: (1) to present solutions related to the relocation of refugees, which were supposed to be the main way of solving the asylum crisis and to assess the effectiveness of this mechanism, as well as to identify other solutions adopted in this respect; (2) to present temporary restrictions on border traffic justified by the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on international personal traffic; (3) to present the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anti-immigration sentiment and the situation of migrants who are already on the European Union territory
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