Abstract
ABSTRACT The article presents comprehensive data on Article 177 (EEC) activity. The data, never before collected and analyzed, are coded by date, member state of origin, referring court, legal subject matter of the reference, and other categories, which permit us to construct a dynamic, multidimensional picture of the litigation of EC law across the Community. Using this data, we assess a range of approaches to European legal integration. The evidence corroborates transaction-based theories of integration, and broadly supports approaches that emphasize the transformative impact of the Court's doctrines of supremacy and direct effect. We found less support for recent critiques of the judicial empowerment' thesis developed by Weiler and others.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
