Abstract

The Barcelona Conference in 1995 established the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EMP), a new type of relationship between the European Union (EU) and the countries in the Mashriq and Maghreb regions, which is based on the idea of close cooperation between parties and not on a donor-recipient model of help. After the eastern enlargement of the EU in 2004, the Union developed a new programme towards its eastern and southern neighbours. The European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) was formed with the objective of creating a ring of allies with the countries that share borders with the EU. Towards its southern partners the ENP builds on EMP and offers bilateral incentives to develop closer links with the region (European Commission 2009).

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