Abstract
This current study is an ethnoecological study on land use for plant diversity by the Sasak people in Mandalika, Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara. Interview and direct observation methods were implemented. The study areas included the villages of Kuta, Mertak, and Sengkol. The results indicated four main groups of land: Leleah (a yard or home garden), bangket (rice fields, including the bangket gora; rice fields nurtured by rainfalls), kebon (gardens, including kebon kayo or garden of woody plants and kebon elalo or garden of crops), and gawah (forests, including gawah mali or sacred forests). This study results showed that despite the stress of a constantly changing environment and various restrictions and limitations, the ethnoecological knowledge in local wisdom is still maintained well.
Highlights
Ethnoecology is a branch of ethnobiology that focuses on the environments and conservation including conflicts that occur and the diminishing of traditional knowledge on the surrounding environments with solutions to the problems (Johnson & Davidson-Hunt, 2011; Albuquerque & Alves, 2016; Iskandar 2016)
The agriculture of Sasak people who live in Mandalika areas generally follows the traditional system even though the system has faced challenges, such as climate change and technological and cultural advances
The following are forms of land use that are known to Sasak people in Mandalika
Summary
Ethnoecology is a branch of ethnobiology that focuses on the environments and conservation including conflicts that occur and the diminishing of traditional knowledge on the surrounding environments with solutions to the problems (Johnson & Davidson-Hunt, 2011; Albuquerque & Alves, 2016; Iskandar 2016). The Sasak people have unique ways of dealing with the situation, including the land uses implementing their local wisdom and traditional knowledge. This is apparently related to the aim of this study, which is to improve our knowledge and understanding on the relation and connection between the Sasak people including their cultures with the biotas, especially plants and the adjacent environment to establish a better way of integrated conservation system in the area that involves the three elements described above. To understand how the Sasak people see their gardens as an act of conservation in relation to preserving both their lands and culture in this continuously changing world
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