Abstract
The replacement, refinement, and reduction (3Rs) guidelines are the cornerstone of animal welfare practice for medical research. Nowadays, no animal research can be performed without being approved by an animal ethics committee. Therefore, we should expect that any published article would respect and promote the highest standard of animal welfare. However, in the previous issue of Critical Care, Bara and Joffe reported an unexpected finding: animal welfare is extremely poorly reported in critical care research publications involving animal models. This may have a significant negative impact on the reliability of the results and on future funding for our research. The ability of septic shock animal models to translate into clinical studies has been a challenge. Therefore, every means to improve the quality of these models should be pursued. Animal welfare issues should be seen as an additional benefit to achieve this goal. It is therefore critical to draw conclusions from this study to improve the standard of animal welfare in critical care research. This has already been achieved in other fields of research, and we should follow their example.
Highlights
The replacement, refinement, and reduction (3Rs) guidelines are the cornerstone of animal welfare practice for medical research
We would expect that any research involving animal models would thoroughly respect and promote animal welfare
In the previous issue of Critical Care, Bara and Joffe [1] showed how ethical perspectives are reported in critical care animal research published from January to June 2012 in three major critical care journals
Summary
The replacement, refinement, and reduction (3Rs) guidelines are the cornerstone of animal welfare practice for medical research. Since 1959, the replacement, refinement, and reduction (3Rs) guidelines have been the cornerstone of animal welfare practice for medical research. We would expect that any research involving animal models would thoroughly respect and promote animal welfare.
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