The Ethanol Leaf Extract of Moringa Oleifera Blunts Isoproterenol‐induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats through Mitigation of Free Radical Production and Down Regulation of Cardiac Troponin and Nuclear Factor Kappa B

Abstract

Moringa oleifera is a plant that is widely distributed in the tropical environment and is used for medicinal purpose. It is believed that every part of this plant has medicinal value. The study evaluated the effect of the ethanol leaf extract of Moringa oleifera (EMOL) on isoproterenolinduced myocardial infarction in rats. Thirty‐five male Wistar rats weighing between 100 and 160 mg/kg were used for the study. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 7 animals per group. Group A (control) animals were given normal saline, Group B (Toxicant) animals were given 100 mg/kg of isoproterenol administered subcutaneously on day 8. Groups C and D animals were given 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of ethanol leaf extract of Moringa oleifera (ELMO) respectively for 7 days and on day 8 were given 100mg/kg of isoproterenol. Group E animals received 100 mg/kg of Moringa oleifera only for 7 days. On day 9 blood sample was taken for serum analysis of CK‐MB, Myeloperoxidase, Nitric oxide and Total protein, thereafter the animals were sacrificed via cervical dislocation and heart harvested for biochemical assays for the analysis of Advanced oxidative protein product (AOPP), Protein Carbonyl (PC), Malonaldehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione‐S‐Transferase (GST), Reduced glutathione (GSH), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Total thiol, Non‐protein thiol and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation), histopathology and immunohistochemistry (CTnI, NF‐KB).In this study there is significant (p < 0.05) reduction in SOD, GPx, GST, increased AOPP, PC, MDA, MPO levels and H2O2 generation in toxicant group (group B) but there was corresponding increase in the antioxidant enzymes and decrease in markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in ELMO treated groups. The toxicant also caused severe histopathological changes in the heart tissues but these were corrected by all the doses of the extract. There was increase expression of CTnI and NF‐KB in the toxicant group; pre‐treatment with ELMO however caused significant down regulation of all these proteins signifying its anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative property.In conclusion, these experiments showed that ethanol leaf extract of Moringa oleifera possess cardiac protective effect through mitigation of free radicals production and down regulation of the studied cytokines.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.