Abstract
The sun provides warmth and light essential to human life, making it important to investigate its formation, current state, and future evolution. This article includes information on the formation of the sun and an overview of its current state. The sun formed about 4.6 billion years ago from a giant nebula in one of the spiral arms of the Milky Way galaxy, after which the solar system formed from. As for its structure, the sun consists of six layers: core, radiative zone, convection zone, photosphere, chromosphere, and corona. The sun is a main sequence star and is situated at a considerable distance from the earth. This distance is calculated using the parallax method, which involves measuring the parallax angle and applying trigonometry. Another approach to determine the distance is by utilizing Kepler's Third Law. The sun continually undergoes fusion in its core due to specific conditions that allow for fusion reactions to occur, including extremely high temperatures, high density, and a suitable containment vessel. In the future, the sun will evolve into a red giant star before ultimately becoming a white dwarf star. Eventually, the earth will be engulfed by the sun as the sun evolves.
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