Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oil from Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. collected in Calabrian Ionian (R1) and Tyrrhenian (R2) coast (Southern Italy) was examined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Essential oils are mainly characterized by monoterpene hydrocarbons (39.32–40.70%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (36.08-39.47%). The 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, camphor, and trans-caryophyllene are the most representative compounds. S. rosmarinus essential oils were investigated for their antioxidant activity by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing ability power (FRAP), and β-carotene bleaching tests. Additionally, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity assays were used to screen the neuroprotective effects of S. rosmarinus. R2 showed the highest antioxidant potential as confirmed by relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI) and exhibited a selective activity against AChE (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50, value of 41.86 μg/mL). These results suggest S. rosmarinus essential oil as a potential source of bioactive compounds.
Highlights
IntroductionSalvia rosmarinus Spenn., known as rosemary, is a plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family [1]
Salvia rosmarinus Spenn., known as rosemary, is a plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family [1].Rosemary is an evergreen, generally erect, rounded shrub with aromatic, needle-like, grey-green leaves and tiny, two-lipped, pale blue to white flowers
The distribution area is manly in the western-central part of the Mediterranean basin, in the eastern part it is considered introduced in several places [4]
Summary
Salvia rosmarinus Spenn., known as rosemary, is a plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family [1]. Generally erect, rounded shrub with aromatic, needle-like, grey-green leaves and tiny, two-lipped, pale blue to white flowers. S. rosmarinus is native to dry scrub and rocky places in the Mediterranean areas of southern Europe to western Asia. Rosemary grows on loam soil with good drainage in an open, sunny position. It grows best in neutral to alkaline conditions with average fertility. S. rosmarinus is a well-known aromatic plant, used for thousands of years for ornamental, culinary, medicinal, and ritual proposes [2]. The distribution area is manly in the western-central part of the Mediterranean basin, in the eastern part it is considered introduced in several places [4].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
