The esotropia of the convergence-excess type subdivided into two forms

Abstract

There are two types of convergence excess esotropia in the classification of strabismus in our country. One is nonrefractive accommodative esotropia and another is nonaccommodative convergence excess esotropia. Inadequate heterophoria method to determine the AC/A ratio does not distinguish between a high AC/A ratio and nonaccommodative convergence excess. The diagnosis of nonrefractive accommodative esotropia is based on the presence of a high AC/A ratio as established with the gradient method to distinguish this condition from nonaccommative convergence excess.