The eruptive latitude of the solar flares during the Carrington rotations (CR1986-CR2195)

Abstract

In this study, we are investigating the solar flare events during each Carrington rotation in the period 2002–2017. We studied the relationship between solar flare event location and solar cycle progress (phases). The solar flare events are tending to accumulate around a specific latitude line in the southern and northern hemispheres of the solar disk, which we call the “eruptive latitude”. The eruptive latitude is migrating towards the solar equator during the declining phase and away from the solar equator during the ascending phase. The eruptive latitude is consistent with the sunspot butterfly diagram. We found the suitable equation describing the relationship between the eruptive latitude $\varphi $ and the Carrington rotation number $\mathit{CR}$ using sinusoidal summation function.