The epidemiology of dengue outbreaks in 2016 and 2017 in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Justin Im,Ruchita Balasubramanian,Moussa Ouedraogo,Lady Rosny Wandji Nana,Ondari D Mogeni,Hyon Jin Jeon,Tayma Van Pomeren,Andrea Haselbeck,Jacqueline Kyungah Lim,Kristi Prifti,Stephen Baker,Christian G Meyer,Jerome H Kim,John D Clemens,Florian Marks,Abdramane Bassiahi Soura

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04389

Abstract

BackgroundDengue is prevalent in as many as 128 countries with more than 100 million clinical episodes reported annually and four billion people estimated to be at risk. While dengue fever is systematically diagnosed in large parts of Asia and South America, the disease burden in Africa is less well investigated. This report describes two consecutive dengue outbreaks in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso in 2016 and 2017. MethodsBlood samples of febrile patients received at Schiphra laboratory in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, were screened for dengue infection using SD Bioline Dengue Duo rapid diagnostic test kits (Standard Diagnostics, Suwon, Republic of Korea). ResultsA total of 1,397 and 1,882 cases were reported by a single laboratory in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Most cases were at least 15 years of age and the results corroborated reports from WHO indicating the circulation of three dengue virus serotypes in Burkina Faso. ConclusionThis study complements data from other, simultaneously conducted surveillance efforts, and indicates that the dengue disease burden might be underestimated in sub-Saharan African nations. Dengue surveillance should be enhanced in African settings to determine the burden more accurately, and accelerated efforts towards a dengue vaccine should be put in place.

Highlights

Dengue infection is the most common mosquito-transmitted viral disease with more than 100 million annual symptomatic episodes being reported from as many as 128 countries; approximately four billion people are estimated to be at risk [1, 2, 3]
While dengue is in most settings solely diagnosed based on the clinical picture, the disease can be confirmed by a variety of diagnostic methods including the detection of anti-dengue virus (DENV) antibodies, non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen or DENV-specific nucleic acid
In collaboration with the Laboratoire D'Analyses Medicales at Centre Medical avec Antenne Chirurgicale (CMA) Protestant Schiphra in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, we investigated the dengue outbreaks (Figure 1) using samples collected at CMA

Summary

Introduction

Dengue infection is the most common mosquito-transmitted (genus Aedes) viral disease with more than 100 million annual symptomatic episodes being reported from as many as 128 countries; approximately four billion people are estimated to be at risk [1, 2, 3]. Dengue is prevalent in as many as 128 countries with more than 100 million clinical episodes reported annually and four billion people estimated to be at risk. Methods: Blood samples of febrile patients received at Schiphra laboratory in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, were screened for dengue infection using SD Bioline Dengue Duo rapid diagnostic test kits (Standard Diagnostics, Suwon, Republic of Korea). Most cases were at least 15 years of age and the results corroborated reports from WHO indicating the circulation of three dengue virus serotypes in Burkina Faso. Dengue surveillance should be enhanced in African settings to determine the burden more accurately, and accelerated efforts towards a dengue vaccine should be put in place

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion