Abstract
Introduction: National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS) plays an important role in the early detection and control of tuberculosis (TB) in China. This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autnomous Region, China from 2011 to 2020 to provide a scientific basis for developing TB control strategies and measures in Kashgar. Methods:The data were collected from the NNDRS, which included the geographical distribution, age, sex, occupation, and pathogenic classification of reported PTB cases in 12 counties/cities of Kashgar Prefecture from 2011 to 2020. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristic of PTB epidemic in Kashgar. Results: There were 189,416 PTB cases reported during 2011–2020, with a mean annual PTB case notification rate (CNR) of 451.29/100,000. A rising trend in the rate of reported PTB between 2011 and 2017 (χ2trend=26.09, P<0.01) and a declining trend between 2018 and 2020 (χ2trend=314.44, P<0.01) were observed. The months with the highest reported number of PTB cases were March to May and November to December. The mean annual rate of reported PTB was 451.88/100,000 for males and 450.67/100,000 for females. In addition, 19.76% of patients were bacteriologically-confirmed (Bac+) cases (37,425/189,416), and the mean annual Bac+ CNR was 89.17/100,000, rising from 64.76/100,000 in 2011 to 139.12/100,000 in 2020 (χ2trend=74.44, P<0.01). Conclusions: The CNR of reported PTB in Kashgar showed a significant declining trend in the past three years. Males, elderly population, winter and spring, and farmers as an occupation were the main factors associated with high incidence of tuberculosis in Kashgar. Targeted prevention and treatment of TB should be strengthened in key groups in this region.
Highlights
National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS) plays an important role in the early detection and control of tuberculosis (TB) in China
In 2011–2020, a total of 189,416 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) were reported in Kashgar, with the rate of reported cases increased from 402.18/100,000 in 2011 to 524.64/100,000 in 2017 (χ2trend=26.09, P
The lowest reported PTB cases was reported in September, accounting for 6.52% of all reported PTB cases (12,638/189,416), and the highest reported PTB cases occurred in the second half of 2018, June of 2019, and May of 2020 (Figure 2)
Summary
National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS) plays an important role in the early detection and control of tuberculosis (TB) in China. This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autnomous Region, China from 2011 to 2020 to provide a scientific basis for developing TB control strategies and measures in Kashgar. TB is one of the major infectious diseases affecting the health of public in both China and around the world. A total of 775,764 PTB cases were reported in the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS) in China, and the rate of reported PTB was 55.6/100,000, ranking second among Class A and Class B notifiable communicable diseases in the country [5]. In 2020, the reported TB incidence in Kashgar, a prefecture in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region with 12 counties/cities, was 250.4/100,000, which was 4.3 times that of the national average for the same time period.
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