The enhancement of fault detection and diagnosis in rolling element bearings using minimum entropy deconvolution combined with spectral kurtosis

Abstract

Spectral kurtosis (SK) represents a valuable tool for extracting transients buried in noise, which makes it very powerful for the diagnostics of rolling element bearings. However, a high value of SK requires that the individual transients are separated, which in turn means that if their repetition rate is high their damping must be sufficiently high that each dies away before the appearance of the next. This paper presents an algorithm for enhancing the surveillance capability of SK by using the minimum entropy deconvolution (MED) technique. The MED technique effectively deconvolves the effect of the transmission path and clarifies the impulses, even where they are not separated in the original signal. The paper illustrates these issues by analysing signals taken from a high-speed test rig, which contained a bearing with a spalled inner race. The results show that the use of the MED technique dramatically sharpens the pulses originating from the impacts of the balls with the spall and increases the kurtosis values to a level that reflects the severity of the fault. Moreover, when the algorithm was tested on signals taken from a gearbox for a bearing with a spalled outer race, it shows that each of the impulses originating from the impacts is made up of two parts (corresponding to entry into and exit from the spall). This agrees well with the literature but is often difficult to observe without the use of the MED technique. The use of the MED along with SK analysis also greatly improves the results of envelope analysis for making a complete diagnosis of the fault and trending its progression.