Abstract
In this study, lead-free (1−x)Bi0.47Na0.47Ba0.06TiO3–xBa0.77Ca0.23TiO3 (BNBT–xBCT, x=0–0.12) ceramics were fabricated by ordinary ceramic sintering technique. The results show that Ba0.77Ca0.23TiO3 (BCT) has diffused into Bi0.47Na0.47Ba0.06TiO3 (BNBT) lattices to form a new solid solution BNBT–xBCT. Moderate substitution of BCT in BNBT–xBCT (x⩽0.01) ceramics can enhance the piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties; meanwhile, depolarization temperature of the ceramics does not decrease. BNBT–0.01BCT ceramic exhibits the best piezoelectric properties and strongest ferroelectricity: piezoelectric coefficient d33=178 pC/N; electromechanical coupling factors kt=50% and kp=27%; quality factor Qm=131; remnant polarization Pr=36μC/cm2; coercive field Ec=24.5kV/cm. The piezoelectric properties, ferroelectric characteristics and depolarization mechanism of the ceramics are investigated and discussed.
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