The enhanced PdAuPt-nitrogen-doped graphene/ITO anode electrodes for electrooxidation of glucose in alkaline medium

Abstract

The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method was used to synthesize nitrogen-doped graphene (N-G). N-G coated on Cu foil via CVD method was transferred onto indium tin oxide (ITO). Finally, Pd, Au, and Pt metals were electrochemically doped on the N-G/ITO electrode surface. Surface properties and elemental composition analyses were performed with the obtained electrodes by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and mapping. The results of this analysis indicated that both N-doped G and metals were formed on the ITO surface. The catalytic activity, stability, and resistance of the electrodes for glucose (Glu) electrooxidation were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses, respectively. The PdAuPt–N-G/ITO electrode exhibited a more active surface area and catalytic activity than the PdAu–N-G/ITO electrode, with a specific activity of 9.50 mA/cm2 and an electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) of 61.21 m2/g. In addition, CA and EIS analyses showed that it was more stable and has faster electron transfer with a lower Rct (143.5 Ω) value. In the light of these results, it can be said that the obtained electrode is promising for glucose electrooxidation.