Abstract
Nicanor G. Isse, MD, Burbank, CA , is a board-certified plastic surgeon and an ASAPS member. The endoscopic approach to forehead and brow lifts results in fewer sequelae, can be offered to a wide variety of patients, and enables the plastic surgeon to decide more easily whether to perform a foreheadplasty. I have been using this approach since it was devised in 1992. Through small incisions, using an endoscope, I am able to make various tissue modifications and to achieve results on the forehead and brow area and periorbital area that are similar or equal to the open approach. All the procedures that can be done through an open approach—canthopexy, corrugator removal, osteoma, frontal bossing, and so forth—can be done with the endoscopic approach as well. In addition, I am able to differentiate the musculature in the glabellar area more clearly from one another to make the necessary modifications (the endoscope magnifies the tissues by a factor of 10). When I was using the open approach, the emphasis was on the …
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