The End of the “End of History”: A New Wave of Conflict in the World between a Liberalism That Is Becoming Conservative and a Socialism That Is Seeking Renewal

Abstract

ABSTRACT Thirty years ago, Francis Fukuyama in his article “The End of History?” formulated a thesis about the final victory of the neoliberal model of capitalism. But history does not stop. Two hundred years after the birth of Marx, The Economist wrote that the millennial generation chooses socialism, and the experts who prepared the report to the US president described socialism as the main threat. The author shows that the cause of these fears is the crisis of the existing system of economic relations and institutions of late capitalism. He systematises the evidence of this crisis and shows, that dominant political and economic elite is looking for a way out of the impasse on the paths of “neoliberal conservatism” that integrates further de-socialisation and deregulation in the economy with conservative-authoritarian trends in politics and ideology. At the end of the contribution, the author reveals a number of ways of socialisation, humanisation and ecologisation of capitalism, objectively conditioned by the progress of technologies and practices of civil society actors, which differ from the existing social democratic projects that have proved to be of little effectiveness.